The CAD data exchange process: Enabling interoperability

CAD data exchange is the process of transferring design information between different CAD and non-CAD software applications or systems. This process ensures that geometric and non-geometric data, like dimensions, tolerances, materials, and annotations, can be shared and interpreted more accurately across various platforms. By enabling data interoperability, CAD data exchange allows engineers, architects, and other stakeholders to collaborate effectively, help streamline workflows, and maintain data integrity throughout the design and manufacturing process.

Partners can work with more precise subsets of data they need instead of entire models.

CAD data exchange involves three primary types:

• Direct model exchange: Direct model exchange uses native file formats and often requires specific translators to ensure compatibility between different CAD systems.
• Neutral file formats: Neutral data-exchange formats in CAD, like STEP, IGES, and STL, are standardized to work across various CAD tools, promoting interoperability.
• Third-party translators: Third-party translators are specialized software tools that facilitate the conversion of CAD data from one format to another, handling complex data structures and ensuring high fidelity in the exchange process.

These methods ensure a more accurate and efficient transfer of design information across platforms.

CAD data is stored in digital files that capture geometric and non-geometric design information. Geometric data includes 3D shapes, 2D drawings, and dimensions, while non-geometric data encompasses material properties, tolerances, and annotations. This data is stored in various file formats, either proprietary (e.g., .dwg, .prt, .sldprt) or neutral (e.g., STEP, IGES, STL), and can also be managed in databases within product data management (PDM) or product lifecycle management (PLM) systems. Increasingly, CAD data is stored in the cloud, facilitating easier access, collaboration, and backup. This comprehensive approach ensures more accurate and accessible design information for architecture and engineering.